Underground 150th.

Art or locomotion as weekend's recreation followed some of the route of the world's first underground railway journey in a locomotive built in 1863 outings are rare but anybody can join railway preservation enjoy chairs and moving tables 15-12-2012 In all its glory: The train was built in 1898 and withdrawn from the tracks in 1963. It was a novelty that thousands of Londoners were eager to experience for themselves and to admire what one newspaper called 'the most stupendous engineering undertaking yet achieved in the railway world' And as on the very first journey in the 19th century, railwaymen, enthusiasts and a few dignitaries were aboard the train and riding inside the restored Metropolitan 353 carriage in the small hours of yesterday morning. The train was built in 1898 and withdrawn from the tracks in 1963. 1898 the locomotive was built in 1898, Met Loco No. 1 is the only survivor of a class of seven engines designed by the Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Met, Mr T. F. Clark, for use on the Baker Street to Verney Junction service. It was the last locomotive constructed at the Met’s Neasden Works. 1904On 4 July 1904, decorated with flags and bunting it headed the first passenger train on the opening of the Uxbridge branch from Harrow-on-the-Hill.

1933 The locomotive is taken into London Transport ownership when the Metropolitan Railway was taken over by the London Passenger Transport Board on 13 April 1933.1936 The locomotive is renumbered L.44 and is repainted in London Transport livery. 1963 The locomotive was withdrawn, after a final moment of glory when in took part in the Metropolitan Centenary parade at Neasden on 23 May 1963, where it hauled four Ashbury bogie coaches and a milk van.1964 Purchased by the Quainton Railway Society.1975 The first major overhaul started on 13 August 1975.1987 Met Loco No. 1 is loaned to the Mid Hants Railway in September 1987 for the line’s 10th anniversary. 2007 Met Loco No. 1 is loaned to the Bluebell Railway in July 2007 as part of the celebration of the completion of their rake of four Metropolitan Chesham vintage coaches. 2008 Met Loco No. 1 is loaned to Barrow Hill in August 2008 for their Rail Power 2008 event and to Llangollen Railway for their suburban weekend in October 2008. 2010 Met Loco No. 1 came to the end of its boiler certificate, with a special farewell event 17 October 2010. 2011 Start of restoration at the Flour Mill workshops in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire.

In 2013 The return of steam to the London Underground and the first steam passenger journey on the original stretch of the Metropolitan line since 1905. A restored original locomotive hauls a Victorian first-class carriage through Baker Street station in a test run for London Underground's 150-year anniversary celebrations. In a test run for London Underground's 150-year anniversary celebrations, a restored original locomotive hauled a Victorian first-class carriage from Earl's Court to Moorgate. Billowing clouds through the capital's oldest tunnels, the weekend's recreation followed some of the route of the world's first underground railway journey in 1863. Shortly after 1pm on January 9 in 1863 the inaugural train pulled out of Paddington station to begin a 3.5mile journey under the capital's streets and into the history books. Setting foot on the platform, you could be forgiven for thinking you had traveled back in time and arrived in the golden age of steam. It's all there - the smell of burning coal, the hissing of the steam and the clanking of the wheels as an engine is shunted back and forth.
But this is no 1930s fantasy. It's Baker Street station - and it's all happening in the here and now. For the first time in more than 100 years, a steam train was carrying passengers on the Tube yesterday. Shortly after 1pm on January 9 in 1863 the inaugural train pulled out of Paddington station to begin a 3.5mile journey under the capital's streets and into the history books.The original plan was for a 'light steam' simulation - where an electric locomotive did the pushing. But Transport for London insisted on having a full working locomotive, which burned approximately one tonne of coal for yesterday's journey.The last regular steam services ended in 1905 as electric alternatives were pioneered in the later Victorian era.A person who has very fond memories of the Metropolitan Steam Locomotive No. 1 is 90-year-old Celia Dunn. She was a cleaner on the locomotive at Neasden, north west London, for thirteen years from 1950 to 1963.

May God bless Celia Dunn of London as at 90 thy, she told Art View 'We used to have good fun when we were cleaning, especially the interiors. 'There were two to each cart in the afternoon and when you finished your cart, you would help the couple next door to you and carry on until you reached the end of the train. 'We used to have laughs and sing alongs. Sometimes we would tell stories. 'They were happy those days at Neasden. One of the best. 'Perhaps when I was cleaning the windows I used to burst into song myself. I like the Beatles. 'On New Years' night we would gather in the canteen and sing and eat and I would play the piano. At midnight we would sound the hooter (steam trumpet) in the driver's cab - everyone would on all the different lines.' Mrs Dunn said the train inspector would always check the carriages to see if they were clean enough. She said: 'He would go through the train after you were finished, run his finger along the top, by the adverts and check for dust. 'If you hadn't done it properly he would tell you off.' Mrs Dunn met her late husband, Robert, while working on the train. She added: 'My late husband was a traffic controller at Baker Street. 'I used to have to phone his office every day to let him know what stock we had - and what we wanted back. 'We met, we had a coffee and within 12 months we were married.' The ground-breaking line had been built and financed by a private company, the Metropolitan Railway, to link the mainline stations at Paddington, Euston and King’s Cross with the business district of central London. The very first underground railway journey took place through the new tunnels of the Metropolitan line between Paddington and Farringdon, which are now part of the Circle & Hammersmith Line. The opening of the railway took place only 26 years after Queen Victoria came to the throne and was considered a great novelty.
 The journey will be recreated on Sunday 13 and 20 January 2013 when a series of special trains will be hauled by the newly restored Met Steam Locomotive No. 1  along part of the original route. No 1 was the last locomotive to be built at Neasden in 1898 by the Metropolitan Railway.  It will pull the Metropolitan Railway Jubilee Carriage No 353 - the oldest operational underground carriage in existence - which has also recently been restored with support from the Heritage Lottery Fund, as well as the Chesham Shuttle Coaches from the Bluebell Railway. It is complete with wood and gas light fittings. Former Metropolitan Railway electric Locomotive No. 12 Sarah Siddons will also be part of the train. No. 1 will also run throughout the year across the Metropolitan line network on special occasions.

Mission Art.

One of the biggest challenges as muscular depletion begins to take effect reality don’t need to e as big in space human body is the first to take on the mesomorphs of muscle depletion . Extended weightlessness degrades the muscles and bones of astronauts so thoroughly that by the time they get to Mars, they may not have the strength to walk on it a study also examines.

The potentially dangerous medical and social repercussions of sexual relations between astronauts with pregnancy in space and the first baby to be born on the martian planet the federal agency. For example, on Australian stations in the Antarctic seven pregnancies were recorded between 1989 and 2006 (Ayton 2006), although "no one wants to become pregnant down there, no one wishes a baby to be born down there" (Bowden 1999). The general belief is that pregnancy in the Antarctic poses increased risk to the mother, to her unborn child, to the team, and to the success of the expedition program (Ayton 2006). Nevertheless, women team members, regardless of nationality, become pregnant. In fact, just having women as members of the team in the Antarctic can cause significant sexual tension and stress for both men and women (Palinkas 2002; Rosnet et al., 2004; Stuster 1996). Some men harass females for sex, women will behave seductively, sexual frustrations increase, and romantic rivalries develop. Moreover, women in these settings are perceived by men and women alike as having tremendous sexual power over men and thus have greater control is exerted towards the men.  As it is the female's choice as to which of the men will receive in the form of sexual favors (Palinkas 2002). Although this ‘choosiness’ can certainly enhance the morale of the male as the female chooses, group cohesion this can have a negative impacted on the projected mission structure (Suster 1996).

Consider for example, the case of 32-year-old Dr. Judith Lapierre, a Ph.D. health sciences specialist, sponsored by the Canadian Space Agency, who participated in a 110-day isolation experiment designed to simulate a long duration of a space mission (Oberg 2000; Warren, 2000). According to Dr. Lapierre, two of her ‘Russian international crew mates’ became embroiled in a 10 minute violent ‘blood splattering fight’, immediately after which she was physically accosted and manhandled by the team commander. Who was labeled as the Russian, who began forcibly kissing her and sticking his tongue in her mouth (Oberg, 2000; Warren, 2000). Spending over a year weightless ranks as one of the astronauts under went some body change. However, a new study suggests that artificial gravity may help solve the problem. The study involved fifteen healthy men spending three weeks doing nothing but lying in bed, a level of inactivity that mimics weightlessness. (It's also a level of inactivity that mimics freelance blogging, but I digress.) Half of the men took a whirl in a NASA centrifuge for an hour every day. The centrifuge produced two and a half times the regular strength of gravity on Earth, and that was enough to stave off the muscle deterioration seen in the other members of the experiment.

If a crew of 3 males and 3 females were sent on a journey to Mars, it can be predicted that males would experience sexual interest in the female astronauts, and female astronauts may or may not always reciprocate depending on their hormonal status, and the status and attractiveness of the males vying for their attention. Male astronauts may not always take "no" for an answer. Dr. Lapierre forcefully protested immediately before, during, and after the assault, and was so frightened of additional sexual attacks that locks were placed on the doors to the passageway linking her test module with the Russian module. She and her crew mates also hid all the knives as they feared more violent outbursts and physical assaults. 

The experiment, called Sphinx-99, was designed to observe group dynamics under both routine and emergency conditions. In the case of Dr. Lapierre, it was the commander in charge of the mission who assaulted her and she appealed to outside supervisory personnel for help. On a human mission to Mars, there will be no doors which can lock out sexual predators, and no one from Mission Control who can come to a female astronaut's rescue. If women accompany men on a human Mission to Mars, are they at risk for rape. Or is the greater risk, falling in love and then pregnancy. For example Dr. Judith Lapierre, was the only woman in a crew of eight and who were confined to a replica of the Mir space station. In another simulation, which included more females, romantic relations developed between willing partners. According to Pletser (2010), during the Euro-Geo-Mars project designed to simulate a mission to Mars, in the Utah desert, two crew members engaged in a romantic relationship which involved open displays of affection and physical intimacy such as holding hands, spending exclusive time together in the evenings and while performing chores and various duties. Although privacy prevailed behind closed doors, these romantic activities were not welcome by other team members, and it was felt this behavior was detrimental to the unity of the group and team social activities.

Worst tragedy 'Limited'.

Voyager 1 will have to be turned off by 2025. Space weather: Voyager is bathed in solar wind from the southern hemisphere flowing northward In a release, Nasa said it was referring to this new region as a magnetic highway for charged particles because our Sun's magnetic field lines are connected there to interstellar magnetic field lines. This connection allows lower-energy charged particles from inside our Heliosphere - the bubble of charged particles the Sun blows around itself - to zoom out, and allows higher-energy particles from outside to stream in. Before entering this region, the charged particles bounced around in all directions, as if trapped on local roads inside the Heliosphere. It was data taken from Voyager's low-energy charged particle instrument that showed it first entered the magnetic highway region in July. The instrument includes a stepper motor that turns the platform on which the sensors are mounted, so that the field of view rotates through 360 degrees. This motor was tested for 500,000 steps, enough to reach the orbit of Saturn, and has now completed over 6 million steps.

The old-fashioned capacitor bank underneath the motor stores energy needed to provide a 15.7-watt pulse every 192 seconds. However, because the directions of the magnetic field lines has remained the same, the Voyager team  believe the new region is still inside our solar bubble. They predict the direction of these magnetic field lines will change when the craft breaks out into interstellar space. Although Voyager 1 still is inside the sun's environment, we now can taste what it's like on the outside because the particles are zipping in and out on this magnetic highway,' said Dr Stone. We believe this is the last leg of our journey to interstellar space. Our best guess is it's likely just a few months to a couple years away. The new region isn't what we expected, but we've come to expect the unexpected from Voyager.

As soon as Voyager 1 breaks through to interstellar space, it will be the first man-made object to leave the solar system, Stone said.However, it would take at least 40,000 years before either probe came close to another star, Stone said. Long before that both Voyagers will run out of power and transmit their findings back home before shutting off for good. We will have enough power for all the instruments until 2020; at that point we will have to turn off our first instrument,’ Stone said. The 'magnetic highway': Here the sun's magnetic field lines are connected to interstellar magnetic field lines, allowing particles from inside the Heliosphere to zip away and particles from interstellar space to zoom in scientist do believe this may be the very last layer between us and interstellar space’ said by Edward Stone, Voyager project scientist based at the California Institute of Technology, in Pasadena, California.This region was not anticipated, was not predicted.’ Therefore, it's hard to determine how soon the spacecraft will leave the solar system altogether, Stone said. It may take two months, it may take two years,’ he added. The outer limits: This artist's concept shows NASA's two Voyager spacecraft exploring a turbulent region of space known as the heliosheath, the outer shell of the bubble of charged particles around our Sun. 

Since December 2004, when Voyager 1 crossed a point in space called the termination shock, the spacecraft has been exploring the heliosphere's outer layer, called the heliosheath. In this region, the stream of charged particles from the sun, known as the solar wind, abruptly slowed down from supersonic speeds and became turbulent. Voyager 1's environment was consistent for about five and a half years. The  pic mars rover curiosity spacecraft then detected that the outward speed of the solar wind slowed to nothing. The intensity of the magnetic field also began to increase at that time. NASA's long-running Voyager 1 spacecraft has entered a new layer of the solar system that scientists hadn't known was there, researchers say. Scientists have dubbed this region the ‘magnetic highway’ and say it's the last stop before interstellar space, or the space between stars.

The discovery was announced on Monday 3-12-2012 at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco, California. Deep in space: Voyager 1 Data from two instruments aboard voyager that measure charged particles showed it first entered the magnetic highway region on 'July 28 this 2012'. The region ebbed away and flowed toward Voyager 1 several times. The spacecraft entered the region again August 25 and the environment has been stable since. 'If we were judging by the charged particle data alone, I would have thought we were outside the Heliosphere,' said Stamatios Krimigis, chief scientist on the low-energy charged particle instrument.But we need to look at what all the instruments are telling us and only time will tell whether our interpretations about this frontier are correct.' This space probe data revealed the magnetic field became stronger each time Voyager entered the highway region; however, the direction of the magnetic field lines did not change.

NASA's robotic space probes Voyager 1 and 2, both weighing 1,592 lb (722 kg), prepared for launch in 1977 on missions to locate and study the outer Solar System and eventually interstellar space.Voyager 2 launched on August 20, 1977, before Voyager 1. Voyager 1 launched on September 5, 1977 moving faster than its sister probe and eventually passing it. On June 15, 2012, NASA scientists reported that Voyager 1 may be very close to entering interstellar space and becoming the first man-made object to leave the Solar System. Voyager 2 will have to be turned off by 2020. Voyager 1 will have to be turned off by 2025. Saturn: an image of the sixth planet taken by Voyager 2 'We are in a magnetic region unlike any we've been in before - about ten times more intense than before the termination shock - but the magnetic field data show no indication we're in interstellar space,' said Leonard Burlaga, a member of the team that looks after Voyager's magnetometer. This magnetic field data turned out to be the key to pinpointing when we crossed the termination shock. And we expect these data will tell us when we first reach interstellar space. Voyager 1 and its sister probe Voyager 2 launched 35 years ago on a tour of the outer planets. Voyager 2 launched on August 20, 1977, about two weeks before Voyager 1 that is now ‘9billion miles from the sun’. Voyager 1 launched on September 5, 1977, moving faster than its sister probe and eventually passing it. It is now more than 11 billion miles from the sun. The signal from Voyager 1 takes approximately 17 hours to travel to Earth. After hurtling into space, both probes have continued to travel toward the fringes of the solar system. Interstellar missions: A map of the Voyager tours through outer space Neptune: An image of the eight planet taken by Voyager 2 The Voyagers are NASA's longest-running spacecraft, and will continue traveling after they have left the solar system.

Electrical Bonsai Trees.

Here at art view  we all know how to queue up for a pair of ‘bonsai trees’ just to have a matching pare hoping that they warranty included that they weren't underfeed or over watered while taking a short vacation. As to find they were fit for the bin after spending a lot of hard earned cash on these pieces of priceless art. These new designs of solar gadget bonsai plan to save us cash as charging unites clocks and even lighted forests with ready supply of ions. Energy efficient where its battery is concealed in the base of the device that holds enough energy to charge two iPads and it can charge a phone in four hours if it runs out of power although it better to have two batteries.  At full capacity it can hold enough power to charge an iPad twice and can charge a phone in just four hours. With energy costs soaring, the gadget has been designed to help technology-geeks charge their phone in a green-friendly manner  it’s been created by French designer Vivien Muller,

This new art powered form is called the’ Electree’ as it conceals a USB connection underneath its wood-topped base unit. The designer said he was inspired to make the product after observing real living bonsai trees, noticing that their leaves acted as natural solar panels. The designer is waiting to receive 400 presale orders for the product before commencing production. But while the gadget may cut down on your energy bills, it might take you a while to recoup the savings, as it will costs £283. Bonsai is a traditional Japanese art form in which trees are grown in miniature pots. But for art lovers the turning of the panels will seem like a modern painting that justifies it cost.

This Bonsai Tree is called the ‘Electree doubles’ as both an ornament and a charger for everyday electrical devices - without the need for any delicate pruning. Its leaves might not be green, but its potential for energy efficiency most certainly is. This little mock bonsai tree might look like the kind of thing that just sits prettily on top of a coffee table - but it is actually a rather ornate phone charger. Ornate: This mock Bonsai tree is in fact a solar-powered charger for everyday electrical devices called the 'Electree' the device has 27 miniature silicon solar panels - or 'leaves', as they are called - that can be arranged in any way the owner wants to create their own bespoke tree. The base of the gadget conceals a battery that stores the solar energy.

Object Fabricators.

All new printers can make trains airplanes and other things straight from a plasma cutter printer with a milk based compound although art view prefers the pyramid of "Giza Type Cements" made from egg shells. Some experts predict 3-D printers will revolutionize manufacturing by allowing people to buy a design online and then immediately print out a physical object. The process takes instructions from a computer to print a solid object in layers, using a machine similar to an ink jet printer. High-end machines have long been used in manufacturing, but lower-cost versions are increasingly being used by hobbyists and educational groups. The UW club hopes to continue printing using recycled materials, building large-scale printers and developing low-cost 3-D printing techniques. The idea is a canoe or catamaran type boat made of segments that snap or bolt together. Some advantages of segments are ease of transport, the ability to add segments in the middle to account for more people as needed and if one segment leaks it won't sink the whole boat. As this would leave only a few people wet, this was anticipated as the printer is compact enough to fit into a small box room.

As Art View documented the University of Washington challenge, the mechanical engineering students braved uncharted waters as they paddled to the finish line at the Annual Darby at Green Lake in Seattle. With what they believe is the world’s first boat made using a 3-D printer, also in the picture shows new life buoyancy aids. The new UW student club built the boat as its intellectual project. Art view  describes the undergraduate members’ 10-week quest to make equipment and develop techniques to be first to print a seaworthy craft. Judges weren't sure how to qualify the UW entry, which used recycled milk cartons for its buoyancy but not quite in the way that contest organizers had envisioned. In the end, the boat raced as an unofficial entry in the adult open category, where it placed second. See a slide show of the boat in photos taken by club co-founder and manager Bethany Weeks (the story continues).

Mona-Lisa Exhumed.

Florence's oldest noble families, said that searching for and exhuming the remains of Lisa Gherardini was "a sacrilegious act". Gherardini was the wife of a rich Florentine silk merchant and is believed by many art historians to have been the model for Leonardo da Vinci's best known painting, which today hangs in the Louvre Museum in Paris. They plan to start excavating the site early next month, with the dig expected to take two weeks. If they find the remains of a woman of about Gherardini's age – she was 63 when she died in 1542 – they plan to extract DNA from the bones and compare it with the DNA of her children, who are buried in a nearby church. The team is led by Silvano Vinceti, a self-styled "Sherlock Holmes" of the art history world who claims to have detected secret codes in the eyes of the Mona Lisa and in the landscape which forms the backdrop to the portrait, although his theories have been dismissed by other scholars.

Natalia Guicciardini Strozzi, a member of one of a team of Italian researchers began the hunt for her skeleton beneath a convent in Florence, using ground-penetrating radar to search for evidence of old tombs. They hope to find Lisa Gherardini's remains and to gather enough skull fragments to be able to reconstruct her face. That would enable a comparison to be made with the Mona Lisa to determine once and for all whether Lisa Gherardini was the inspiration for the portrait – an objective that some scholars have said is far-fetched. "My ancestor's remains should be left to rest in peace," said the princess, who is also an actress, winemaker and former ballerina. "What difference would finding her remains make to the allure of Leonardo's painting? The attempt to find her bones seems to me an inappropriate and sacrilegious act." The princess's family own an estate near San Gimignano, the Tuscan village known as the "medieval Manhattan" for the 72 stone towers built by competing families during the Middle Ages, of which 13 remain.

She is a descendant of two noble lines, the Strozzis and the Giucciardinis, and Niccolo Machiavelli worked as a secretary to one of her ancestors. The Strozzis were enemies of the Medicis and the two dynasties jostled for power in Renaissance Florence. Another ancestor, a noblewoman, took drawing lessons from Michelangelo. The princess's blood link to Lisa Gherardini goes back 15 generations. The team of researchers will spend three days using the radar to analyse to a depth of 10ft the soil beneath the cloisters and chapels of the deconsecrated Convent of St Ursula, which is in a state of disrepair.

Lisa Gherardini.

The Mona Lisa  painting by Leonardo Da Vinci has been portrayed as an epiphany of art history. A once off product from the art decadence from fifteenth century. Its just shear grandeur of oils a portrait from a college beauty, its oils almost came true experimentation by the famous genius Leonardo. Although it would be nice to analysis the skeleton of the painted figure Lisa to gain a better perception of the woman who was carried in the painting. The most widely accepted theory are Mrs Gherardini is believed to have been born in Florence in 1479. At the age of 16 she became the second wife of a wealthy silk merchant, Francesco del Giocondo, with whom she had five children. She is believed to have died in a convent in Florence at the age of “63 in 1542”.Speculation was fuelled by the enigmatic nature of the work and the fact that it was unlike most other portraits of that time. The panel is unsigned undated and bears nothing to indicate the sitter’s name with in this painting or if he was even payed. Art historians have variously claimed that the Mona Lisa depicts Leonardo’s mother as many would like as price would follow this story. But various theorist say she was a commission. Or a famous Florentine courtesan whom he couldn’t marry but leads to Mrs Gherardini. Also speculation she was even the artist though no evidence and is unlikely as given the circumstances or maybe a suspecting mother of an Ere again price could prevail. But as an outcast child who life was often threatened its unlikely this portrait was of his mother. He did a few of these canvases  as some of the main contenders include, 

As you see the top picture it done by a graphic design template with hand pressed coloured thumb tacks as holographic mirrored concave imagery kinda a plasma screen, as it gives a more three dimensional view. May god bless Leonardo R.I.P. if you see this kit box know that art view received no patronage but theirs hope.  

Beatrice D’Este was a noblewoman who was married to Ludovico Sforza, the duke of Milan. Leonardo worked at the duke’s court in the 1490s. According to this theory, Leonardo often would see the woman while he was painting “The Last Supper” for the Monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, where she went to pray it’s a nice story. Leonardo himself, it seems with several scholars have suggested that the Mona Lisa is a playful disguised self-portrait. A possible allusion to the artist’s presumed homosexuality it’s another unlikely story. Digital analysis has shown that there is a similarity between the facial characteristics of Leonardo and those of the Mona Lisa and also Isabella Gualanda or Cecilia Gallerani then there was a film it should tad its title the last da-vinci-code. Art view prefers the Mary Magdalena story “long lost wife” But society figures of their time although today there is often followers “admirers” of women who even register themselves as temptress “Courtesan Women” it kind of says hands off. 

Plays featuring courtesans were frequently performed during spring fertility festivals to help promote the fruitfulness of humans, animals, and crops. In keeping with this connection between courtesans and fecundity, there are many tales in which a king can only end a drought by sending a courtesan to seduce a celibate sage plant. This theme was enacted in an annual ritual by devises, The sacred courtesans became famous as they came from the temple of Jagannatha in Puri, easy way of celebration of kingship true entertainments. Modern courtesans are more noted for dance than re population of Human species frustrated phobic well a bit of light phobic-entertainment is something art view always look forward to that and the vending machine human.